Olena Palko

Prof. Dr. Olena Palko


Professor (Departement Geschichte)

Office

Hirschgässlein 21
4051 Basel
Schweiz

Olena Palko

Curriculum Vitae

Since 08/2022: Assistant Professor/SNF-Professur, SNF PRIMA Grantee (Professur für Osteuropäische Geschichte, Basel)

03-07/2022: Junior Fellow at the Polish Institute for Advanced Studies (PIASt)

01/2018 – 08/2022: Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellow,Department of History, Classics and Archaeology, Birkbeck, University of London

2017: Promotion zum Dr. phil an der University of East Anglia (UK) mit der Arbeit «Becoming Soviet: Lost Cultural Alternatives in Ukraine, 1917-1933“

05/2019: Post-Doctoral Visiting Research Fellow at the Deutsches Historisches Institut, Warsaw

06/2018: Post-Doctoral Visiting Research Fellow at the Deutsches Historisches Institut, Warsaw

08/2017-01/2018: URIS Fellowship at the University of Basel, Switzerland

10/2013– 10/2014: Fellow at Zentrum Marc Bloch, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany

2013: Kandydat nauk, Institute of Political and Ethnic Studies at the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

09/2012 – 04/2013: Host researcher at the Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia

10/2011 – 06/2012: Research Fellow at the Institute of History, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland

09/2010 – 06/2011: Research Fellow at the Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen (The Institute for Human Sciences), Vienna, Austria


Laufendes Forschungsprojekt

SNF PRIMA-Förderung für das Projekt «Red Tower of Babel: Soviet minorities experiment in interwar Ukraine».

Gemäss der ersten Volkszählung der UdSSR gehörten 20 Prozent der Bevölkerung des Landes einer nationalen Minderheit an. Die sowjetische Regierung entwickelte in den 1920er Jahren eine einzigartige Nationalitätenpolitik, die allen Mitgliedern ethnischer Minoritäten den gleichberechtigten Zugang zu staatlichen und parteipolitischen Institutionen gewähren sollte und Gerichtsverfahren und die Schulbildung in der eigenen Muttersprache garantierte. Mit dieser Strategie wollten die Bolschewiki die Loyalität nationaler Minderheiten erhöhen und deren Mitglieder für das sozialistische Projekt begeistern. Dieses Ziel wurde jedoch weitgehend verfehlt. Die Regierung entschied sich daher nach wenigen Jahren für einen radikalen politischen Kurswechsel und setzte von nun an auf Russifizierung, kulturelle Assimilation und Terror gegen ethnische Minderheiten.

Das innovative Forschungsprojekt von Dr. Olena Palko widmet sich erstmals systematisch der sowjetischen Nationalitäten- und Minderheitenpolitik in der Zwischenkriegszeit am Beispiel der Ukrainischen Sowjetrepublik. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, wie die sowjetische Nationalitätenpolitik vor Ort praktisch umgesetzt wurde, wie sie sich veränderte warum diese Politik am Ende in eine Strategie der Gewalt umschlug. Dabei werden drei Forschungsachsen angelegt: Zum einen werden die politischen Motive und Ziele der Bolschewiki anhand staatlicher Programme und Verordnungen analysiert. Zum zweiten wird der Blick auf die konkrete Umsetzung der Nationalitäten- und Minderheitenpolitik in den Provinzen gerichtet. Schliesslich sollen die Auswirkungen der politischen Massnahmen auf den Alltag und die Erfahrung der Menschen erforscht und dabei unterschiedliche ethnische Minderheiten untersucht werden.

Durch seine originelle theoretische Rahmung, seinen multiperspektivischen Ansatz und die Einbeziehung unterschiedlicher Quellengattungen verspricht das Forschungsprojekt von Dr. Palko einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Geschichte der Minderheitenpolitik im östlichen Europa im «kurzen 20. Jahrhundert».

Projektbezogene Publikationen:

"Constructing Identities, Ascribing Nationalities: Polish Minority in Ukraine during Late Imperial and Early Soviet Rule", Euxeinos. Culture and Governance in the Black Sea Region Vol. 12, No. 34 (2022): 15-48.

Mit Samuel Foster (eds.), "Being a Minority in Times of Crisis", Spezialausgabe Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 71, 2023/3 (forthcoming).


Abgeschlossene Forschungsprojekte

“Contested Minorities: A Transnational History of the Polish-Soviet Borderlands, 1918-1939”

This project investigated and contrasted the motives behind the implementation of the minority policies of the new Polish and Soviet governments in the Polish-Soviet borderlands during the interwar period. Its main objective was to examine factors that contributed to the formulation of the minority policies in the Soviet Union and the Second Polish Republic, especially the role of Soviet “Polonophobia” and Polish “Sovietophobia” in formulating nationalities and minority policies in the region. The project was based on three case studies: the Polish autonomous districts in Ukraine and Belarus and ‘the Volhynia experiment’ in Poland, which hold the richest archival sources for this project. These case studies helped develop a better understanding of how the Soviet and Polish governments effectively used the interests and aspirations of national minorities in this ethnically diverse region to achieve their strategic goals. It is shown how contested issues of language, religion and local political activism were successfully manipulated by each government to secure the loyalties of the border minorities.

By examining the links between ethnic particularism and the foreign-policy considerations of the respective governments, it shed new light on the inter-state rivalry between Poland and the Soviet Union in the form of competing minority policies. Based on three case studies, the project’s deep archival research and diverse source base, combined with its theoretical framing and comparative perspective, it formed a significant and original contribution to the historiography of minority studies, nation-building and nationalism in Europe and provide for better understanding of the current conflicts in this area.

Projektbezogene Publikationen:

"Between Moscow, Warsaw and the Holy See: The Case of Father Andrzej Fedukowicz Amidst the Early Soviet Anti-Catholic Campaign", Revolutionary Russia, (2022) DOI: 10.1080/09546545.2022.2136353

"'Poles of the World Unite': The Transnational History of the 1929 World Congress of Poles Abroad in the Context of Interwar Soviet–Polish Rivalries", Nationalities Papers 50 (6) (2022): 1143–1163. doi:10.1017/nps.2021.39

In co-authorship with Samuel Foster "Contested Minorities in the 'New Europe': National Identities in Interwar Eastern and Southeastern Europe", National Identities 23 (4) (2021): 303-323.

"Debating the Early Soviet Nationalities Policy: The Case of Ukraine", in James Harris, Lara Dauds, Peter Whitewood, ‘The Fate of the Bolshevik Revolution: Illiberal Liberation, 1917-1941’: 157-172.(Bloomsbury, 2020)

 

Making Ukraine Soviet. Literature and Cultural Politics under Lenin and Stalin

While most studies of Soviet culture assume a model of diffusion, according to which Soviet republics imitated the artistic trends and innovations born in Moscow, this project adroitly challenges this centre-periphery perspective. Rather than being a mere imposition from above, Making Ukraine Soviet reveals how the process of cultural sovietisation in Ukraine during the interwar years developed from a synthesis of different – and often conflicting – cultural projects both local and Muscovite in orientation.

Engaging with a wide range of primary and secondary sources, including literary and archival material, Palko grounds her argument in the cases of two celebrated and controversial Ukrainian artists: the poet Pavlo Tychyna and prosaist Mykola Khyl'ovyi. Through this unique biographical lens, Palko's skilled analysis of cultural construction sheds fresh light on the complex process of establishing and consolidating the Soviet regime in Ukraine. In doing so, Palko offers a timely re-assessment of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict and adds nuance to current debates on the relationship between national identity, the arts, and the Soviet state.

Projektbezogene Publikationen:

Making Ukraine Soviet: Literature and Cultural Politics in Soviet Ukraine under Lenin and Stalin. (Bloomsbury Publishers, 2021).

Mykola Khvyl’ovyi and the making of Soviet Ukrainian literature'. CONNEXE, 5 (2019) – Divided Memories, Shared Memories, Poland, Russia, Ukraine: History mirrored in Literature and Cinema: 30-53.

‘Reading in Ukrainian: The Working Class and Mass Literature in Early Soviet Ukraine’, Social History, 44 (3) (2019): 343-368.

In co-authorship with Roman Horbyk “Righting the Writing: the Power Dynamic of Soviet Ukraine Language Policies and Reforms in the 1920s-1930s”, Studi Slavistici XIV (2017): 67-89.

“Between two Powers: a Soviet Ukrainian Writer Mykola Khvyl'ovyi” Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas” 4 (2016): 575-598.


"Eastern Europe's Minorities in a Century of Change", a podcast series on the history of minorities and minority experiences in twentieth-century Central and Eastern Europe prepared by the Study Group for Minority History. The co-conveners of the Study Group are Olena Palko (Birkbeck), Samuel Foster (University of East Anglia) and Raul Cârstocea (Maynooth University).

  • Minderheitenfrage und Minderheitenpolitik in Osteuropa
  • Sowjetische Gesellschafts- und Kulturgeschichte im Zwischenkriegszeit
  • Geschichte der Ukraine in 20. Jahrhundert

Olena Palko, and Frez Gil, Manuel (eds.) Ukraine's Many Faces. Land, People, and Culture Revisited. With a foreword by Olesya Khromeychuk (Bielefeld: transcript Verlag, 2023)

Olena Palko, and Frez Gil, Manuel (eds.) Descubriendo Ucrania. Su pueblo, su historia y su cultura. (Beccar: Poliedro Editorial de la Universidad de San Isidro, 2022).

Olena Palko and Constantin Ardeleanu (eds.) Making Ukraine: Negotiating, Contesting, and Drawing Borders in Twentieth Century Ukraine (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2022).

National Question in the Theories of Austro-Marxism [in Ukrainian:Національне питання в теоріях Австромарксизму](Kyiv: M. S. Hrushevsky Institute of Archeography and Source Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2022).

Making Ukraine Soviet: Literature and Culture in Soviet Ukraine under Lenin and Stalin (Bloomsbury Academic, 2021).

Akademische Ämter:

Co-Convener of the BASEES Study Group for Minority History

Secretary of the British Association for Slavonic and East-European Studies

Foundation for Polish Science, FOR UKRAINE Programme, Expert committee member

Herausgebergremium der Reihe Imperialism and Colonialism in Central and Eastern Europe, CEU Press

Herausgebergremium der Reihe A Modern History of Politics and Violence, Bloomsbury Academic

Herausgebergremium des Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe (JEMIE) 

Herausgebergremium der Reihe New Europes der University of New Europe (UNE), Transcript-Publisher

Herausgebergremium der Reihe Slovanský přehled / Slavonic Review  (The Institute of History, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague)

Mitgliedschaften:

Fellow of the Royal Historical Society (UK) (2022)

Associate Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (UK) (2016)

British Association for Slavonic and Eastern European Studies (BASEES)

Association for Slavic, East European, & Eurasian Studies (ASEEES)

Association for Women in Slavic Studies (AWSS)

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Osteuropakunde (DGO)

Schweizerischen Akademischen Gesellschaft für Osteuropawissenschaften (SAGO)

Member of the Expert Pool of Observatory on History Teaching in Europe / Observatoire de l'Enseignement de l'Histoire en Europe, Council of Europe / Conseil de l’Europe  

Mitglied im Wissenschaftlichen Beirat (Board) Ukrainian Research in Switzerland (URIS)

Ehrungen
2023The Alec Nove Prize in Russian, Soviet, and Post-Soviet Studies for “Making Ukraine Soviet. Literature and Cultural Politics under Lenin and Stalin (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021)

2022

Honorable Mention, Omeljan Pritsak Book Prize in Ukrainian Studies (ASEEES)

2021

Prize for the Best Book in the field of Ukrainian history, politics, language, literature and culture (2019-20) from the American Association for Ukrainian Studies

2018

BASEES Post-Graduate Prize for the Best Article

2017

Faculty of Arts and Humanities Graduate School Prize, Best Article

2013

The Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism (ASEN) annual PhD Scholarship

Stipendien

03-07/2022

Junior Research Fellowship at the Polish Institute of Advanced Studies PIASt

05/2019; 06/ 2018

Post-Doctoral Research Stipendium at Deutsches Historisches Institut Warsaw

08/2017-01/2018

Post-Doctoral fellowship, Initiative “Ukrainian Research in Switzerland” (URIS)

01/2013-12/2015

Fully funded PhD Scholarship, Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), University of East Anglia

2013-2015

Global Society Supplementary Grant, Open Society Foundation

2014-2015

Financial assistance for attendance at advanced Western educational institutions for advanced learning and training from Mr James C. Temerty C.M., Chairman and Director of Northland Power Inc., Canada

09/2013-06/2014

Research fellowship from the Study Foundation of the Berlin House of Representatives, based at the Centre Marc Bloch, Humboldt University, Berlin

09/2012-02/2013

National Scholarship Programme for the Support of Mobility of Students, PhD Students, University Teachers and Researchers from the Government of the Slovak Republic (SAIA)

09/2011-06/2012

Post-Master’s scholarships from the International Visegrad Fund to be based at the Jagiellonian University, Krakow

09/2010-07/2011

Junior Visiting Fellowship for Scholars from Ukraine, Institute for Human Sciences, (IWM) in Vienna / Center for Urban History of East Central Europe in Lviv (Ukraine)